Abstract: In order to study the influence of oxygen consumption rate of residual coal at goaf, and to prevent the fire of Coal Mine.Take Lin Nancang as an example to reaserch the residual coal of oxidation characteristic by the experment of Slow oxidation test ,using control variable method to study the influence of coal rank and residual coal environment on oxygen consumption rate.At the same time , with the Matlab software to analyze the two factors simultaneously, establishing the oxygen consumption velocity coupling model . It turned out that,in the control of coal temperature, oxygen concentration were unchanged, the oxygen consumption rate showed a change of law, the temperature and oxygen consumption rate is exponential relation.As the result of CO hosted in the coal seam of Lin Nancang,it made the degree of metamorphism coal change,the coupling of temperature and concentration is a significant linear regression, it conform to the actual situation.Therefore,reducing temperature and oxygen concentration, changing the degree of coal metamorphism, help to reduce the occurrence of fire accidents.